An Interview with a Master Teacher of Balanced Literacy

Reblogged from Expat Teacher Man:

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One of the best perks of my job is that I am able to collaborate with master teachers from around the globe. My school  houses some of the most impressive cast of teachers around and it is an honor each day to learn from them. With that in mind, in the upcoming weeks I am looking to interview a few teachers to both learn and share their craft. 

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If you use a workshop model for literacy, you want to hear this podcast interview with master teacher, Colin Weaver. In the podcast, you will learn:
  • How to best use two kinds of anchor charts
  • Best practice conferencing, including two conference strategies other consultants won't share with you
  • Colin's top tips for conferring with individual students
  • What to do when a student is not engaged in the workshop work time
    Leave a comment below and tell me what conferencing tip was most useful for you. Also, let me know if you'd like to hire Colin as a consultant. He is highly skilled as both a mentor and a coach.

Free Professional Development for Teachers

Expat Educator Free Professional Development

What do you want to do better in 2013? If professional development is on your resolution list, this post will give you a jump-start.

Consider using a bit of time over the next couple weeks diving into one or more of the professional development opportunities listed below.

Webinar Archives

If you are fascinated by curriculum (like me), you can spend hours visiting ASCD’a Archived Webinars. These webinars helped me better understand the American Common Core Standards. They helped me more clearly differentiate between standardized assessment and standardized instruction.

Another treasure can be found on the Virtual Cafe Archived Webinars wiki. You’ll meet librarians, media specialists, proponents of gamification in education, and experts in technology integration.

Simple K-12 webinars are popular enough to be noticed by many who nominate and vote for Edublog awards. You can sign up for 500+ free webinars and, if signed up, will be offered much more for an annual fee of $279. Watch the prices. At least once per year, the price drops about $100.

If you sign up to follow the Australia Series Blog, you will have access to weekly, live, free webinars on a range of topics. Most topics relate to technology integration. The downside is that these webinars are not archived – so you need to be available to access them at a time compatible with Australian time zones.

If Australian time zones are difficult, Teacher 2.0 and Classroom 2.0 offer a multitude of webinars accessible to the US time zones (usually 2:00-3:00 Eastern time). Again, these need to be accessed live (with some rare exceptions).

Conference Archives

OK2Ask has archives of video “snack” sessions. All online sessions and materials are provided by Teachers First, an ad-free cornucopia of practical resources for teachers.

Seminar Archives and Lectures

Math Teachers will appreciate NCTM eSeminars Anytime. You’ll find seminars on research intervention, common core implementation, and more.

TeacherCast recently tweeted about Academic Earth Video Lectures. These could be used for personal interests or for flipped classroom lessons.

Hodgepodge

Vital podcasts, videos, webinars, and resources are delivered by The Open University and part-funded by the Department for Education. On the site, Vital says it “aims to support practitioners in sharing their expertise and thus enhance the quality of teaching and learning.” Search by teaching level and subject to find topics relevant to your professional growth needs.

Laura Candler is very popular on the Teachers Pay Teachers site, but she has some free Livebinder resources available. Laura will periodically offer free resources to followers of Corkboard Connections.

Connected Online Communities of Practice (COCP) in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Education has contracted with the American Institutes for Research and five other organisations to declare August as Connected Educator Month. Archives of all webinars, sessions, and discussions are available.

Podcasts

Elizabeth Peterson from The Inspired Classroom lists some excellent podcasts to which you can subscribe.

Also check out the podcasts nominated for Edublog awards. You’re bound to find one or two that meet your professional development needs.

Teaching English

Shelly Terrell and TESOL team up to offer Free Friday Webinars Archive – a tremendous resource bank of ideas.

American TESOL has other webinars available as well.

Inspiration

Perhaps 2013 is the year you need to recharge or, as Shelly Terrell calls it, reboot. While the current challenge is #26 at the time of this posting, you can look back at previous goals. Can you meet all 30 by 2014?

What do you want to achieve in 2013? What free resources would you recommend? Please tell me in the comment box below.

If you find this resource list helpful, please consider subscribing by email to Expat Educator. You’ll get updates delivered to your inbox.

photo credit: Swansea Photographer via photopin cc

A 20th Century Prophecy?

We tell our students that some stories are worth reading multiple times. We tell them that the same story can have different meanings as we age mature.

While on holiday, I challenge you to consider (or re-consider) a story that existed far earlier than MOOCs, Content Management Systems, or email. Consider the story in the light of blog posts you have read in 2012.

What message does this story hold for you in 2012? Please share in the comments.

Expat Educator Asimov

The Fun They Had

by Isaac Asimov

Margie even wrote about it that night in her diary. On the page headed May 17, 2157, she wrote, “Today, Tommy found a real book!”

It was a very old book. Margie’s grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper.

They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to–on a screen, you know. And then, when they turned back to the page before, it had the same words on it that it had had when they read it the first time.

“Gee,” said Tommy, “what a waste. When you’re through with the book, you just throw it away, I guess. Our television screen must have had a million books on it and it’s good for plenty more. I wouldn’t throw it away.”

“Same with mine,” said Margie. She was eleven and hadn’t seen as many telebooks as Tommy had. He was thirteen. She said, “Where did you find it?”

“In my house.” He pointed without looking, because he was busy reading. “In the attic.” “What’s it about?” “School.”

Margie was scornful. “School? What’s there to write about school? I hate school.”

Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector.

He was a round little man with a red face and a whole box of tools with dials and wires. He smiled at Margie and gave her an apple, then took the teacher apart. Margie had hoped he wouldn’t know how to put it together again, but he knew how all right, and, after an hour or so, there it was again, large and black and ugly, with a big screen on which all the lessons were shown and the questions were asked. That wasn’t so bad. The part Margie hated most was the slot where she had to put homework and test papers. She always had to write them out in a punch code they made her learn when she was six years old, and the mechanical teacher calculated the mark in no time.

The Inspector had smiled after he was finished and patted Margie’s head. He said to her mother, “It’s not the little girl’s fault, Mrs. Jones. I think the geography sector was geared a little too quick. Those things happen sometimes. I’ve slowed it up to an average ten-year level. Actually, the over-all pattern of her progress is quite satisfactory.” And he parted Margie’s head again.

Margie was disappointed. She had been hoping they would take the teacher away altogether. They had once taken Tommy’s teacher away for nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely.

So she said to Tommy, “Why would anyone write about school?”

Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes. “Because it’s not our kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had hundreds and hundreds of years ago.” He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, “Centuries ago.”

Margie was hurt. “Well, I don’t know what kind of school they had all that time ago.” She read the book over his shoulder for a while, then said, “Anyway, they had a teacher.”

“Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.” “A man? How could a man be a teacher?” “Well, he just told the boys and girls things and gave them homework and asked them questions.” “A man isn’t smart enough.” “Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher.” “He can’t. A man can’t know as much as a teacher.” “He knows almost as much, I betcha.”

Margie wasn’t prepared to dispute that. She said, “1 wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.”

Tommy screamed with laughter. “You don’t know much, Margie. The teachers didn’t live in the house. They had a special building and all the kids went there.” “And all the kids learned the same thing?” “Sure, if they were the same age.”

“But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught differently.”

“Just the same they didn’t do it that way then. If you don’t like it, you don’t have to read the book.”

“I didn’t say I didn’t like it,” Margie said quickly. She wanted to read about those funny schools.

They weren’t even half-finished when Margie’s mother called, “Margie! School!” Margie looked up. “Not yet, Mamma.”

“Now!” said Mrs. Jones. “And it’s probably time for Tommy, too.”

Margie said to Tommy, “Can I read the book some more with you after school?”

“Maybe,” he said nonchalantly. He walked away whistling, the dusty old book tucked beneath his arm.

Margie went into the schoolroom. It was right next to her bedroom, and the mechanical teacher was on and waiting for her. It was always on at the same time every day except Saturday and Sunday, because her mother said little girls learned better if they learned at regular hours.

The screen was lit up, and it said: “Today’s arithmetic lesson is on the addition of proper fractions. Please insert yesterday’s homework in the proper slot.”

Margie did so with a sigh. She was thinking about the old schools they had when her grandfather’s grandfather was a little boy. All the kids from the whole neighborhood came, laughing and shouting in the schoolyard, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home together at the end of the day. They learned the same things, so they could help one another on the homework and talk about it.

And the teachers were people…

The mechanical teacher was flashing on the screen: “When we add the fractions 1/2 and 1/4…”

Margie was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. She was thinking about the fun they had.

photo credit: mielconejo via photopin cc

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Teaching Before Christmas: Lesson Plans

It’s time to get out the lesson plan book and plan for December. Below are ideas for math, reading, writing, and social studies.

Ideally, December lessons follow four criteria. They…

  1. fit curriculum standards,
  2. make students smile,
  3. take very little prep time to pull together, and
  4. require very little marking.

You can do holiday activities that address standards such as the Common Core or the Australian National Standards.

So what kinds of activities are holiday-like and fun and academic?

Math

Graphing, Probability, Statistics: Younger students can have fun graphing fun Christmas foods. Older students can use the same items to investigate sample sizes or play with probability.

3D Shapes: Make these ornaments and refer to them during class while naming them, finding surface area, etc.

Problem-Solving: You’ve probably sung The 12 Days of Christmas. One partridge was given on the first day. On the second day, there were 2 turtle doves and a partridge – making a total of 3 gifts. If this pattern continues, how many total gifts would be given on the 12th day? How many total over the full 12 days?

Build the excitement with a picture book based on the song – or the song might be in you iTunes playlist. My favorite version:

Writing

Stories: So what would life be like for the person who received all 12 days of gifts? Discuss. If inspired, write the story. Create a character who gives and one who receives. Put them in a setting. What is the motivation for the gifts? What are the daily consequences?

Poetry: In Ralph Fletcher’s book Poetry Matters, he shares that there was a year he wrote poems as gifts for each member of his family. Poems were written based on interests and hobbies of the person who would receive the poem. Poems can be decorated or framed – something that is good to do the final hours of the final day.

Persuasive Writing: Jen from Runde’s Room suggests students write letters to Santa from the point of view of a literary villain. She posts some examples that students can use as mentor texts.

Vocabulary, Grammar, and Word Study: Students guess the identities of obfuscated Christmas carols. Younger students can go to Visuwords for help. My favorites:

  • The Slight Percussionist Lad (Little Drummer Boy)
  • Quiescent Nocturnal Period (O Holy Night)

Christmas Mad Libs can help students review parts of speech.

The Resourceful Teacher has a great elementary writing activity using holiday stamps.

Those in Christian religious schools can delve into all the metaphors used to describe the coming Messiah. What does it mean that Jesus would be the Lion of Judah? Prince of Peace? What about other metaphorical references to Jesus as the Good Shepherd? The Door? Others?

Reading/Writing Connections:

Expat Educator ChristmasFor an ESL reading/writing connection, students can talk through various pages from Peter Spier’s Christmas, a wordless picture book. Pick pages to talk through each day and label items like mistletoe with post-its. Students can later either write out words for the page or they can compare Peter Spier’s Christmas to Christmas in their country of heritage.

Expat Educator Polar ExpressThe Polar Express website includes an interactive calendar of short writing activities – one activity for each day in December. The North Pole has additional activities.

Reading

Summarizing/Retelling: Review story mapping using Chris Van Allsburg’s The Polar Express.

Fluency: If you have students who are still struggling with reading fluency, plays are available online. Just glancing through the first page of playscripts, I found Babushka, The Gingerbread Boy, The Three Trees, A Christmas Carol, and The Nativity. A list of Christmas plays can also be found on Little Fun, LIttle Learning (be sure to look at the links in the comments section too!) and DramatrixSpread plays over a number of days and adding a tech twist where students practice lines on Garage Band or other recording tool.

Analyzing/Inferring: If your library has a good stock of Christmas picture books (or Hanakkuh), bring some back to the classroom. Have pairs of students read a book and come to consensus on the most important line in each book. The pairs write the most important line on a sheet of butcher. Rotate the books so that each pair gets a different story for each of the 3-5 days. Do the ‘most important lines’ agree? if not, can groups come to consensus? Wrap it up by asking students what they believe the author believes is the meaning of Christmas. Do students agree or disagree? Defend. Ruth Morgan has put together books on Hanukkah.

Expat Educator North PoleThose who do not have a large stock of Christmas books can listen to stories on Storynory or The North Pole. Again, have students create story mountains, summarize, or find the message behind a story or two.

History/Social Studies/Geography

History: Many students play soccer (football, for my Commonwealth friends) at recess. They might be interested to know that soldiers in WWI played soccer during periods of truce. In fact, both German and English soldiers played on Christmas.

The story is told to music by John McCutcheon. Commonwealth friends may want to preview and decide if the line “He’s singing bloody well, you know!” is appropriate for your age/classroom/school. The lyrics are online, if you care to print and distribute.

Religious Studies: Those of you that work in religious institutions, can label the prophesies on a timeline and compare them to the birth of Jesus. Simple and short, but powerful.

Research/History/Geography: Students pick a country that celebrates Christmas and research the celebrations in that country. Have students look for references to a Santa-like figure, other saints, and references to the Magi (if the Magi bring gifts in that particular country). Students can place references on Google maps using the same process as was described in the post about Haikus on Google maps. The research and presentation could last at least a week.

Screen Shot 2012-12-01 at 10.41.45 AM
Move from the North Pole to the South pole and explore Antarctica street view. The landscapes are stunning.

Quizzes/Trivia/Research:Turn these pre-made Christmas quizzes into a bit of research fun.

Character Development: The story of Rudolph can be turned into an anti-bullying lesson.

Still haven’t planned for all of December? Over 2,500 Christmas activities are shared by teaching professionals on BetterLesson.com and ShareMyLesson.com. Check out some of Ian Byrd’s ideas or Shelly Terrell’s ideas – they’re great.

Have a wonderful time planning for Christmas lessons. Please add any of your favorite activities in the comments box. Any ideas for science?

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Teaching Oral Reading Fluency to Older Students

My father taught me to read with fluency and expression. He didn’t know he was doing it. Every Sunday afternoon, my brother and I would sit with him by the heater or on the porch and he would read us the Sunday comics. Characters such as Beetle Bailey, Charlie Brown, Dennis the Menace, and the Wizard of Id each had their own voices.

If you walk into a Lower Primary grade classroom, you’ll likely see students reading aloud to teachers who explicitly teach them to read more smoothly and read with expression. Do Upper Primary and Middle School teachers need to focus on oral reading fluency? If so, how can upper grade teachers explicitly instruct students on fluency without it feeling “childish”?

How does Oral Reading Fluency Fit into Common Core Standards?

The Common Core standards include oral reading fluency as part of the Reading Foundational Skills. Until grade 2, foundational skills focus on students understanding print features, translating print features into words, syllables, and sounds. Until grade 6, foundational skills comprise phonics, word analysis, accuracy, and fluency as they support comprehension.

Does this mean teachers can stop teaching oral reading fluency after grade 6? Probably not. While Common Core Reading Foundational skills are discontinued at Grade 6, Middle School teachers still need to know the following:

  • Are the students recognizing at least 95% of the words they are reading?
  • Do students use phrasing, punctuation, and italics to pick up on author’s intent?
  • Do students differentiate between characters by hearing the characters’ different “voices”?

Oral reading fluency does not necessarily align with silent reading fluency, but oral reading fluency can indicate what happens in students’ heads when they read silently.

When students read fluently, they are better able to analyze of the impact of word choice on meaning or tone. Students who read fluently can better analyze poetic and musical tools in poems and stories (Grades 6 and 7 Reading Literature Standard 4).

Students who differentiate character voices more easily analyze ways in which authors develop and contrast points of view of different characters. (Grade 7 Reading Literature Standard 6).

How to Teach Fluency Without It Feeling Childish

Comics and Graphic Novels: Almost all of my struggling readers gravitate to comics like Garfield and Calvin and Hobbes. In the context of reading fluency, those books are a good place to start. How would Calvin’s voice be different from the voice of Hobbes? Have students record some of their favorite strips or pages. The listener should be able to hear the difference and the recorder should be able to defend why he/she chose the particular type of voice. Let the student “ham it up.” Then move the student to graphic novels.

Plays: Like most other skills, fluency and expression come with practice. Plays allow students that practice. The difficulty is that, unless well-planned, play reading becomes another form of round-robin reading that can quickly disengage students. Also, cold readings of plays set up lower-fluency readers and second language students for public scrutiny. I recommend the following progression of activities:

  • Before assigning parts or having anyone read aloud, have the students read the play silently. Ask about the characters. What type of person is…? What do you think his or her voice would sound like? How would specific characters sit? Stand? What kinds of clothes would the characters wear? Hairstyles?
  • Find out if anyone is particularly “attached to a part”. If two or more people want the same parts, you can delegate in whatever age-appropriate way you deem best (rock-paper-scissors), dual recordings (multiple girls play Broadway’s Annie). Consider challenging higher readers to play (and understand) the character they identify with the least.
  • Highlight the importance of practice. Line. By. Line. Model mistakes and re-takes until the line is perfect. Model how you decide which word in a sentence should be emphasized – and how sentence meanings change slightly based on the emphasis (let students help you decide which sounds best).
  • Give students recording devices to record, listen, evaluate, repeat. They should keep/save recordings of the best “take” of each line or section.
  • Pair up students who listen to each others’ recordings and offer advice.
  • Then meet as a group to read the play orally. Record. Garage Band is a great recording tool. If someone makes an error, they can pause then read the line over again. Errors are easily erased.

If you’re teaching fluency to two or more groups, allow the groups to compare the line interpretations. How did someone else read the same part similarly? Differently? Why do you think they made those particular choices?

Morning class:

Afternoon class:

Modifications for English Language Learners

When listening to the podcasts above, you will notice that each podcast features a student who has limited English. Consider recording lines with the students who struggle with English pronunciation. Then, transfer the practice session to iTunes (or .mp3), and have students practice reading with the recording.

End With Reflection

When I started doing class news videos, I realized that students could easily tell me what they did, but had a harder time telling me what they learned.

Take the time to ask students what they learned about reading fluency. What was difficult at first? Which lines needed the most practice? Why do you think the [tongue-in-cheek mean/crazy] teacher would ask you to do this? How might these skills be valuable when reading other texts?

If you are unfamiliar with the workings of Garage Band, see this tutorial:

…but you don’t need Garage Band. Here is a tutorial on iPad Voice Recorder (also featured on iTouches):

In what other ways might older students practice reading fluency?

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